Abstract: The undirected graphical model, a popular class of statistical model, offers a way to describe and explain the relationships among a set of variables. However, it remains a challenge to ...

In this paper, the eigendecomposition of a Toeplitz matrix populated by an exponential function in order to model empirical correlations of US equity returns is investigated. The closed-form ...

Graphs of exponential functions and logarithmic functions provide a visual insight into their properties, such as growth, decay, and the inverse relationship between them. Graphs of exponential ...

Abstract: This study conducts a detailed performance analysis of free-space optical (FSO) communication systems in high atmospheric turbulence, where a negative exponential model charac-terizes ...