Logarithms come in the form \({\log _a}x\). We say this as 'log to the base \(a\) of \(x\). But what does \({\log _a}x\) mean? The answer is \(4\) because \({2^4 ...

IN a short review in NATURE of November 3 (p. 684) it is remarked that “The notation ln for 'log e ' will probably be somewhat strange to British readers”. You have full access to this article via ...

Now that you know what \({\log _a}x\) means, you should know and be able to use the following results, known as the laws of logarithms.